p pattern You may specify up to 16 ''pad'' bytes to fill out the packet you send. No attempt will be made to lookup symbolic names for host addresses. This flag only applies if the ping destination is a multicast address. L Suppress loopback of multicast packets. Only the super-user may select preload more than 3. l preload If preload is specified, ping sends that many packets not waiting for reply. When pinging IPv6 link-local address this option Argument may be numeric IP address or name of device. I interface address Set source address to specified interface address. Only super-user may set interval to values less 0.2 seconds. The default is to wait for one second between each packet normally, or not to wait in flood mode. i interval Wait interval seconds between sending each packet. Only the super-user may use this option with zero interval. If interval is not given, it sets interval to zero and outputs packets as fast as they come back or one hundred times For every ECHO_REQUEST sent a period ''.'' is printed, while for ever ECHO_REPLY received a backspace is printed. If value is zero, kernel allocates random flow label. F flow label Allocate and set 20 bit flow label on echo request packets. Essentially, this socket option is not used by Linux kernel. d Set the SO_DEBUG option on the socket being used. With deadline option, ping waits for count ECHO_REPLY packets, until the timeout c count Stop after sending count ECHO_REQUEST packets. The address is bound to one selected when ping starts. B Do not allow ping to change source address of probes. On networks with low rtt this mode is essentially equivalent to flood mode. Minimal interval is 200msec for not super-user. Interpacket interval adapts to round-trip time, so that effectively not more than one (or more, if preload is set) unanswered probes present (''pings'') have an IP and ICMP header, followed by a struct timeval and then an arbitrary number of ''pad'' bytes used to fill out the packet. Ping uses the ICMP protocol's mandatory ECHO_REQUEST datagram to elicit an ICMP ECHO_RESPONSE from a host or gateway.
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